A na-eji ngwaahịa PVC emechara eme ihe n'ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche. Nyocha na nnwale nke ihe nkwado zinc calcium PVC chọrọ ụzọ dị iche iche dabere na arụmọrụ ha. N'ozuzu, e nwere ụzọ abụọ bụ isi: static na dynamic. Usoro static gụnyere usoro akwụkwọ ule uhie Congo, ule oven ịka nká, na usoro ike electromotive, ebe usoro dynamic gụnyere ule rheometer torque na ule mpịakọta abụọ na-agbanwe agbanwe.
1. Usoro Akwụkwọ Uhie Congo
Site na iji bat mmanụ nwere glycerol arụnyere n'ime ya, a na-agwakọta PVC a ga-anwale ya nke ọma na ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike ma tinye ya n'ime obere tube nnwale. A na-ama jijiji ihe ahụ ntakịrị iji mee ka ọ sie ike, wee tinye ya na bat mmanụ. A na-etinye okpomọkụ glycerol n'ime bat mmanụ PVC calcium zinc stabilizer tupu oge eruo ruo ihe dị ka 170 ℃, ka elu nke ihe PVC dị na obere tube nnwale ahụ dị larịị na elu elu nke glycerol. N'elu obere tube nnwale ahụ, a na-etinye plọg nwere tube iko dị gịrịgịrị, tube iko ahụ na-apụta ìhè site n'elu ruo ala. A na-atụgharị akwụkwọ nnwale uhie Congo ma tinye ya n'okpuru tube iko ahụ, ka nsọtụ ala nke akwụkwọ nnwale uhie Congo dị ihe dị ka cm site na nsọtụ elu nke ihe PVC ahụ. Mgbe nnwale ahụ malitere, dekọọ oge site na mgbe etinyere eriri nnwale uhie Congo na tube nnwale ahụ ruo mgbe ọ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, nke bụ oge nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ. Isi ozizi nke nnwale a bụ na PVC ga-agbaze ngwa ngwa na okpomọkụ nke ihe dị ka 170 ℃, mana n'ihi mgbakwunye nke ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike, a na-egbochi ire ere ya. Ka oge na-aga, a ga-eri ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike. Mgbe oriri zuru oke, PVC ga-agbaze ngwa ngwa ma wepụta gas HCl. N'oge a, ihe na-eme ka Congo dị uhie na tube nnwale ga-agbanwe agba n'ihi mmeghachi omume dị mfe ya na HCl. Dekọọ oge ahụ n'oge a ma chọpụta irè nke ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike dabere na ogologo oge.
2. Nnwale oven na-anaghị agbanwe agbanwe
Kwadebe ihe nlele ngwa ngwa nke ntụ ntụ PVC na ihe ndị ọzọ na-enyere aka nhazi (dịka mmanụ, ihe na-agbanwe mmetụta, ihe na-ejupụta ihe, wdg) na mgbakwunye na ihe na-eme ka calcium zinc sie ike nke PVC. Were ụfọdụ ihe nlele dị n'elu, tinye ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ dị iche iche sie ike na ihe na-eme ka calcium zinc stabilizer nke PVC dị n'otu oke, gwakọta nke ọma, wee tinye ya na ngwakọta osisi abụọ.
A na-eme nkwadebe nke ihe nnwale na igwekota ahụ n'enweghị itinye plastik. A na-edobe okpomọkụ mpịakọta abụọ na 160-180 ℃, mgbe a na-etinye plastik, okpomọkụ mpịakọta ahụ na-adịkarị ihe dị ka 140 ℃. Site na ịpịa ya ugboro ugboro na osisi abụọ, a na-enweta ihe nlele PVC otu, wee bepụ ya iji nweta ihe nlele PVC nke nha ụfọdụ nwere ihe nkwado okpomọkụ dị iche iche. Tinye ihe nnwale PVC dị iche iche na ngwaọrụ edobere wee tinye ha na oven okpomọkụ na-adịgide adịgide (na-abụkarị 180 ℃). Dekọọ mgbanwe agba nke ihe nnwale ahụ kwa nkeji iri ma ọ bụ nkeji iri na ise ruo mgbe ha ga-aghọ oji.
Site na ule ịka nká nke oven, enwere ike ịchọpụta irè nke ihe ndị na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike na nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ PVC, ọkachasị ikike ha nwere igbochi mgbanwe agba. A na-ekwere na mgbe a na-ekpo ọkụ PVC, agba ahụ ga-agbanwe ọtụtụ mgbanwe site na ìhè gaa na ọchịchịrị, gụnyere ọcha odo odo aja aja aja ojii. Enwere ike ikpebi ọnọdụ mmebi site na agba nke PVC n'ime oge ụfọdụ.
3. Usoro ike eletrik (usoro conductivity)
Ngwaọrụ nnwale ahụ nwere akụkụ anọ. Akụkụ aka nri bụ ngwaọrụ gas na-adịghị arụ ọrụ, nke na-ejikarị nitrogen eme ihe, mana mgbe ụfọdụkwa ikuku. Ihe dị iche bụ na mgbe ejiri nchekwa nitrogen, ihe na-eme ka calcium zinc stabilizer nke PVC nwere ike izere mmebi nke agbụ PVC nke ikuku oxygen kpatara. Ngwaọrụ ọkụ nnwale ahụ na-abụkarị ebe a na-asa mmanụ na ihe dị ka 180 ℃. A na-etinye ngwakọta nke PVC na ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike n'ime ebe a na-asa mmanụ. Mgbe emepụtara gas HCl, ọ ga-abanye na ngwọta NaOH n'akụkụ aka ekpe yana gas na-adịghị arụ ọrụ. NaOH na-amịkọrọ HCl ngwa ngwa, na-eme ka uru pH nke ihe ngwọta ahụ gbanwee. Site na ịdekọ mgbanwe nke mita pH ka oge na-aga, enwere ike ịchọpụta mmetụta nke ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ dị iche iche sie ike. Na nsonaazụ nnwale ahụ, a na-ekewa usoro pH t nke enwetara site na nhazi n'ime oge induction na oge uto, ogologo oge induction na-agbanwekwa dabere na irè nke ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike.
4. Rheometer nke torque
Rheometer nke ike bụ ngwa ọrụ dị obere nke na-eme ka nhazi PVC dị adị. E nwere igbe nhazi mechiri emechi n'èzí ngwa ọrụ ahụ, enwere ike ijikwa okpomọkụ nke igbe nhazi na ọsọ nke rollers dị n'ime abụọ site na kọmputa ejikọtara na ngwa ọrụ ahụ. Oke ihe agbakwunyere na rheometer nke ike bụ 60-80 g, nke dị iche iche dịka ụdị ngwa ọrụ dị iche iche si dị. Usoro nnwale ndị a bụ ndị a: kwadebe masterbatch nwere ihe nkwado okpomọkụ dị iche iche tupu oge eruo, usoro masterbatch bụ isi na-agụnyekarị ACR na mgbakwunye na PVC CPE, CaCO3, TiO, Mmanya, wdg. A na-edozi rheometer nke ike ahụ na okpomọkụ tupu oge eruo. Mgbe ọ ruru okpomọkụ akọwapụtara ma ọsọ ahụ kwụsie ike, a na-agbakwunye ngwakọta a tụrụ na igbe nhazi, mechie ngwa ngwa, a na-edekọkwa paramita dị iche iche na kọmputa ejikọtara, nke bụ usoro rheological. Mgbe nhazichara, enwere ike nweta atụmatụ ọdịdị dị iche iche nke ihe e si na ya pụta, dị ka ọcha, ma ọ bụ na e guzobere ya, ịdị ire ụtọ, wdg. Site na iji paramita ndị a, enwere ike ịchọpụta ikike ụlọ ọrụ nke ihe nkwado okpomọkụ kwekọrọ. Ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike kwesịrị inwe oge kwesịrị ekwesị maka ịgba ọkụ na ime ka plastik dị ọcha, a ga-akpụkwa ngwaahịa ahụ nke ọma, ọ ga-adịkwa ọcha ma dịkwa ire ụtọ. Rheometer nke ịgba ọkụ arụọla àkwà mmiri dị mma n'etiti nnyocha ụlọ nyocha na mmepụta buru ibu nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.
5. Nnwale mpịakọta abụọ na-agbanwe agbanwe
Dịka ụdị ụzọ enyemaka maka ịtụ mmetụta nke ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike n'ụzọ dị iche iche, a na-eji ihe na-emegharị okpukpu abụọ na-agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị rheometer, a na-ahọrọkwa ngwa ịpị mbadamba ihe na-emegharị okpukpu abụọ na nnwale ahụ. Tinye ntụ ntụ agwakọtara ọsọ ọsọ n'ime ya wee pịa ya ka ọ dị ka ọdịdị. Wepụ ihe nlele ahụ ugboro ugboro. Ruo mgbe ihe nnwale ahụ gbanwere oji, dekọọ oge o were ya iji gbanwee oji kpamkpam, nke a na-akpọ oge ọchịchịrị. Iji chọpụta mmetụta nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ nke ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ dị iche iche sie ike na PVC site n'ịtụnyere oge ọchịchịrị.
Oge ozi: Juun-20-2024
